// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

// distributed with this work for additional information

// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

//

//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

//

// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

// software distributed under the License is distributed on an

// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the

// specific language governing permissions and limitations

// under the License.

#pragma once

#include <gen_cpp/ExternalTableSchema_types.h>

#include <rapidjson/document.h>

#include <rapidjson/stringbuffer.h>

#include <rapidjson/writer.h>

#include <cstddef>

#include <deque>

#include <string>

#include <string_view>

#include <unordered_map>

#include <utility>

#include "common/status.h"

#include "core/assert_cast.h"

#include "core/column/column.h"

#include "core/data_type/data_type.h"

#include "core/data_type/data_type_array.h"

#include "core/data_type/data_type_map.h"

#include "core/data_type/data_type_nullable.h"

#include "core/data_type/data_type_struct.h"

#include "core/data_type/primitive_type.h"

#include "core/field.h"

#include "util/string_util.h"

#include "util/url_coding.h"

namespace doris::iceberg {

namespace detail {

inline const schema::external::TField* get_field_ptr(const schema::external::TFieldPtr& field_ptr) {

    if (!field_ptr.__isset.field_ptr || field_ptr.field_ptr == nullptr) {

        return nullptr;

    }

    return field_ptr.field_ptr.get();

}

inline const schema::external::TField* find_struct_child(

        const schema::external::TStructField& struct_field, const std::string& name) {

    if (!struct_field.__isset.fields) {

        return nullptr;

    }

    for (const auto& child_ptr : struct_field.fields) {

        const auto* child = get_field_ptr(child_ptr);

        if (child != nullptr && child->__isset.name && iequal(child->name, name)) {

            return child;

        }

    }

    for (const auto& child_ptr : struct_field.fields) {

        const auto* child = get_field_ptr(child_ptr);

        if (child == nullptr || !child->__isset.name_mapping) {

            continue;

        }

        for (const auto& alias : child->name_mapping) {

            if (iequal(alias, name)) {

                return child;

            }

        }

    }

    return nullptr;

}

inline int hex_value(char c) {

    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {

        return c - '0';

    }

    if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') {

        return c - 'a' + 10;

    }

    if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') {

        return c - 'A' + 10;

    }

    return -1;

}

inline Status decode_hex(std::string_view encoded, std::string* decoded) {

    DORIS_CHECK(decoded != nullptr);

    if ((encoded.size() & 1U) != 0) {

        return Status::InvalidArgument("Invalid odd-length Iceberg binary default");

    }

    decoded->resize(encoded.size() / 2);

    for (size_t index = 0; index < encoded.size(); index += 2) {

        const int high = hex_value(encoded[index]);

        const int low = hex_value(encoded[index + 1]);

        if (high < 0 || low < 0) {

            return Status::InvalidArgument("Invalid hexadecimal Iceberg binary default");

        }

        (*decoded)[index / 2] = static_cast<char>((high << 4) | low);

    }

    return Status::OK();

}

inline Status decode_json_binary(std::string_view encoded, std::string* decoded) {

    DORIS_CHECK(decoded != nullptr);

    const bool is_uuid = encoded.size() == 36 && encoded[8] == '-' && encoded[13] == '-' &&

                         encoded[18] == '-' && encoded[23] == '-';

    if (is_uuid) {

        std::string uuid_hex;

        uuid_hex.reserve(32);

        for (size_t index = 0; index < encoded.size(); ++index) {

            if (index != 8 && index != 13 && index != 18 && index != 23) {

                uuid_hex.push_back(encoded[index]);

            }

        }

        return decode_hex(uuid_hex, decoded);

    }

    return decode_hex(encoded, decoded);

}

inline std::string json_scalar_text(const rapidjson::Value& value) {

    if (value.IsString()) {

        return {value.GetString(), value.GetStringLength()};

    }

    rapidjson::StringBuffer buffer;

    rapidjson::Writer<rapidjson::StringBuffer> writer(buffer);

    value.Accept(writer);

    return {buffer.GetString(), buffer.GetSize()};

}

inline void normalize_timestamp_for_doris(PrimitiveType primitive_type, std::string* value) {

    if (primitive_type != TYPE_DATETIME && primitive_type != TYPE_DATETIMEV2 &&

        primitive_type != TYPE_TIMESTAMPTZ) {

        return;

    }

    if (const size_t separator = value->find('T'); separator != std::string::npos) {

        (*value)[separator] = ' ';

    }

    if (primitive_type == TYPE_TIMESTAMPTZ) {

        return;

    }

    if (value->ends_with('Z')) {

        value->pop_back();

        return;

    }

    const size_t time_start = value->find(' ');

    if (time_start == std::string::npos) {

        return;

    }

    const size_t offset = value->find_first_of("+-", time_start + 1);

    if (offset != std::string::npos) {

        value->erase(offset);

    }

}

inline Status make_null_field(const schema::external::TField& field, const DataTypePtr& data_type,

                              Field* result) {

    DORIS_CHECK(data_type != nullptr);

    DORIS_CHECK(result != nullptr);

    if (field.__isset.is_optional && !field.is_optional) {

        return Status::InvalidArgument("Required Iceberg field '{}' has a null default",

                                       field.name);

    }

    if (!data_type->is_nullable()) {

        return Status::InternalError(

                "Optional Iceberg field '{}' has a null default, but its Doris type '{}' is not "

                "nullable",

                field.name, data_type->get_name());

    }

    *result = Field();

    return Status::OK();

}

inline Status build_initial_default_field(const schema::external::TField& field,

                                          const DataTypePtr& data_type,

                                          std::deque<std::string>* binary_storage, Field* result);

inline Status build_json_default_field(const schema::external::TField& field,

                                       const DataTypePtr& data_type,

                                       const rapidjson::Value& json_value,

                                       std::deque<std::string>* binary_storage, Field* result);

inline Status build_json_struct_default(const schema::external::TField& field,

                                        const DataTypePtr& value_type,

                                        const rapidjson::Value& json_value,

                                        std::deque<std::string>* binary_storage, Field* result) {

    if (!json_value.IsObject() || !field.__isset.nestedField ||

        !field.nestedField.__isset.struct_field || !field.nestedField.struct_field.__isset.fields) {

        return Status::InvalidArgument("Invalid Iceberg struct default for field '{}'", field.name);

    }

    const auto& struct_type = assert_cast<const DataTypeStruct&>(*value_type);

    Struct struct_value;

    struct_value.reserve(struct_type.get_elements().size());

    for (size_t index = 0; index < struct_type.get_elements().size(); ++index) {

        const auto& child_name = struct_type.get_element_name(index);

        const auto* child = find_struct_child(field.nestedField.struct_field, child_name);

        if (child == nullptr || !child->__isset.id) {

            return Status::InvalidArgument(

                    "Iceberg struct default for field '{}' is missing metadata for projected "

                    "child '{}'",

                    field.name, child_name);

        }

        const std::string child_id = std::to_string(child->id);

        const auto member = json_value.FindMember(child_id.c_str());

        Field child_value;

        if (member == json_value.MemberEnd()) {

            RETURN_IF_ERROR(build_initial_default_field(*child, struct_type.get_element(index),

                                                        binary_storage, &child_value));

        } else {

            RETURN_IF_ERROR(build_json_default_field(*child, struct_type.get_element(index),

                                                     member->value, binary_storage, &child_value));

        }

        struct_value.push_back(std::move(child_value));

    }

    *result = Field::create_field<TYPE_STRUCT>(std::move(struct_value));

    return Status::OK();

}

// The recursive item TField describes the element schema and its field-level default metadata. It

// cannot represent a particular list literal's length or per-position values, so the parent

// initial-default keeps those values in Iceberg's single-value JSON array.

inline Status build_json_array_default(const schema::external::TField& field,

                                       const DataTypePtr& value_type,

                                       const rapidjson::Value& json_value,

                                       std::deque<std::string>* binary_storage, Field* result) {

    if (!json_value.IsArray() || !field.__isset.nestedField ||

        !field.nestedField.__isset.array_field ||

        !field.nestedField.array_field.__isset.item_field) {

        return Status::InvalidArgument("Invalid Iceberg list default for field '{}'", field.name);

    }

    const auto* element = get_field_ptr(field.nestedField.array_field.item_field);

    if (element == nullptr) {

        return Status::InvalidArgument(

                "Iceberg list default for field '{}' has incomplete element metadata", field.name);

    }

    const auto& array_type = assert_cast<const DataTypeArray&>(*value_type);

    Array array_value;

    array_value.reserve(json_value.Size());

    for (const auto& json_element : json_value.GetArray()) {

        Field element_value;

        RETURN_IF_ERROR(build_json_default_field(*element, array_type.get_nested_type(),

                                                 json_element, binary_storage, &element_value));

        array_value.push_back(std::move(element_value));

    }

    *result = Field::create_field<TYPE_ARRAY>(std::move(array_value));

    return Status::OK();

}

// The recursive key/value TFields describe entry schemas and field-level default metadata. They

// cannot represent the number, order, or concrete values of map entries, so the parent

// initial-default keeps the entries in Iceberg's single-value JSON key/value arrays.

inline Status build_json_map_default(const schema::external::TField& field,

                                     const DataTypePtr& value_type,

                                     const rapidjson::Value& json_value,

                                     std::deque<std::string>* binary_storage, Field* result) {

    if (!json_value.IsObject() || !json_value.HasMember("keys") || !json_value["keys"].IsArray() ||

        !json_value.HasMember("values") || !json_value["values"].IsArray() ||

        !field.__isset.nestedField || !field.nestedField.__isset.map_field ||

        !field.nestedField.map_field.__isset.key_field ||

        !field.nestedField.map_field.__isset.value_field) {

        return Status::InvalidArgument("Invalid Iceberg map default for field '{}'", field.name);

    }

    const auto& keys = json_value["keys"];

    const auto& values = json_value["values"];

    if (keys.Size() != values.Size()) {

        return Status::InvalidArgument(

                "Iceberg map default for field '{}' has {} keys but {} values", field.name,

                keys.Size(), values.Size());

    }

    const auto* key = get_field_ptr(field.nestedField.map_field.key_field);

    const auto* value = get_field_ptr(field.nestedField.map_field.value_field);

    if (key == nullptr || value == nullptr) {

        return Status::InvalidArgument(

                "Iceberg map default for field '{}' has incomplete key/value metadata", field.name);

    }

    const auto& map_type = assert_cast<const DataTypeMap&>(*value_type);

    Array key_fields;

    Array value_fields;

    key_fields.reserve(keys.Size());

    value_fields.reserve(values.Size());

    for (rapidjson::SizeType index = 0; index < keys.Size(); ++index) {

        Field key_value;

        Field mapped_value;

        RETURN_IF_ERROR(build_json_default_field(*key, map_type.get_key_type(), keys[index],

                                                 binary_storage, &key_value));

        RETURN_IF_ERROR(build_json_default_field(*value, map_type.get_value_type(), values[index],

                                                 binary_storage, &mapped_value));

        key_fields.push_back(std::move(key_value));

        value_fields.push_back(std::move(mapped_value));

    }

    Map map_value;

    map_value.push_back(Field::create_field<TYPE_ARRAY>(std::move(key_fields)));

    map_value.push_back(Field::create_field<TYPE_ARRAY>(std::move(value_fields)));

    *result = Field::create_field<TYPE_MAP>(std::move(map_value));

    return Status::OK();

}

inline Status build_json_scalar_default(const schema::external::TField& field,

                                        const DataTypePtr& value_type,

                                        const rapidjson::Value& json_value,

                                        std::deque<std::string>* binary_storage, Field* result) {

    const auto primitive_type = value_type->get_primitive_type();

    std::string serialized_value = json_scalar_text(json_value);

    const bool binary_like = (field.__isset.initial_default_value_is_base64 &&

                              field.initial_default_value_is_base64) ||

                             primitive_type == TYPE_VARBINARY;

    if (binary_like) {

        if (!json_value.IsString()) {

            return Status::InvalidArgument(

                    "Iceberg binary default for field '{}' is not a JSON string", field.name);

        }

        binary_storage->emplace_back();

        RETURN_IF_ERROR(decode_json_binary(serialized_value, &binary_storage->back()));

        if (primitive_type == TYPE_VARBINARY) {

            *result = Field::create_field<TYPE_VARBINARY>(StringView(binary_storage->back()));

        } else if (is_string_type(primitive_type)) {

            *result = Field::create_field<TYPE_STRING>(binary_storage->back());

        } else {

            return Status::InvalidArgument(

                    "Iceberg binary default for field '{}' has incompatible Doris type '{}'",

                    field.name, value_type->get_name());

        }

        return Status::OK();

    }

    if (is_string_type(primitive_type)) {

        if (!json_value.IsString()) {

            return Status::InvalidArgument("Iceberg string default for field '{}' is not a string",

                                           field.name);

        }

        *result = Field::create_field<TYPE_STRING>(std::move(serialized_value));

        return Status::OK();

    }

    normalize_timestamp_for_doris(primitive_type, &serialized_value);

    RETURN_IF_ERROR(value_type->get_serde()->from_fe_string(serialized_value, *result));

    return Status::OK();

}

inline Status build_json_default_field(const schema::external::TField& field,

                                       const DataTypePtr& data_type,

                                       const rapidjson::Value& json_value,

                                       std::deque<std::string>* binary_storage, Field* result) {

    DORIS_CHECK(data_type != nullptr);

    DORIS_CHECK(binary_storage != nullptr);

    DORIS_CHECK(result != nullptr);

    if (json_value.IsNull()) {

        return make_null_field(field, data_type, result);

    }

    const auto value_type = remove_nullable(data_type);

    switch (value_type->get_primitive_type()) {

    case TYPE_STRUCT:

        return build_json_struct_default(field, value_type, json_value, binary_storage, result);

    case TYPE_ARRAY:

        return build_json_array_default(field, value_type, json_value, binary_storage, result);

    case TYPE_MAP:

        return build_json_map_default(field, value_type, json_value, binary_storage, result);

    default:

        return build_json_scalar_default(field, value_type, json_value, binary_storage, result);

    }

}

inline Status build_initial_default_field(const schema::external::TField& field,

                                          const DataTypePtr& data_type,

                                          std::deque<std::string>* binary_storage, Field* result) {

    DORIS_CHECK(data_type != nullptr);

    DORIS_CHECK(binary_storage != nullptr);

    DORIS_CHECK(result != nullptr);

    if (!field.__isset.initial_default_value) {

        if (field.__isset.is_optional && !field.is_optional) {

            return Status::InvalidArgument(

                    "Required Iceberg field '{}' is missing from the data file and has no initial "

                    "default",

                    field.name);

        }

        return make_null_field(field, data_type, result);

    }

    const auto value_type = remove_nullable(data_type);

    const auto primitive_type = value_type->get_primitive_type();

    if (is_complex_type(primitive_type)) {

        rapidjson::Document document;

        document.Parse(field.initial_default_value.data(), field.initial_default_value.size());

        if (document.HasParseError()) {

            return Status::InvalidArgument("Invalid Iceberg JSON initial default for field '{}'",

                                           field.name);

        }

        return build_json_default_field(field, data_type, document, binary_storage, result);

    }

    const bool default_is_base64 = (field.__isset.initial_default_value_is_base64 &&

                                    field.initial_default_value_is_base64) ||

                                   primitive_type == TYPE_VARBINARY;

    if (default_is_base64) {

        binary_storage->emplace_back();

        if (!base64_decode(field.initial_default_value, &binary_storage->back())) {

            return Status::InvalidArgument("Invalid Base64 Iceberg initial default for field '{}'",

                                           field.name);

        }

        if (primitive_type == TYPE_VARBINARY) {

            *result = Field::create_field<TYPE_VARBINARY>(StringView(binary_storage->back()));

        } else if (is_string_type(primitive_type)) {

            *result = Field::create_field<TYPE_STRING>(binary_storage->back());

        } else {

            return Status::InvalidArgument(

                    "Iceberg field '{}' marks its initial default as Base64, but Doris type '{}' "

                    "cannot contain binary data",

                    field.name, value_type->get_name());

        }

        return Status::OK();

    }

    RETURN_IF_ERROR(value_type->get_serde()->from_fe_string(field.initial_default_value, *result));

    return Status::OK();

}

} // namespace detail

// Builds an owned one-row column for an Iceberg field that is absent from an old data file.

// Complex values follow Iceberg's JSON single-value encoding. Struct members omitted from the

// encoded value are recursively populated from the child field's own initial default.

inline Status create_initial_default_column(const schema::external::TField& field,

                                            const DataTypePtr& data_type, ColumnPtr* result) {

    DORIS_CHECK(data_type != nullptr);

    DORIS_CHECK(result != nullptr);

    auto column = data_type->create_column();

    std::deque<std::string> binary_storage;

    Field value;

    RETURN_IF_ERROR(detail::build_initial_default_field(field, data_type, &binary_storage, &value));

    // The column copies every String/StringView leaf before binary_storage is destroyed.

    column->insert(value);

    *result = std::move(column);

    return Status::OK();

}

inline ColumnPtr repeat_initial_default_column(const ColumnPtr& default_column, size_t rows) {

    DORIS_CHECK(default_column);

    DORIS_CHECK_EQ(default_column->size(), 1);

    auto repeated_column = default_column->clone_empty();

    repeated_column->insert_many_from(*default_column, 0, rows);

    return repeated_column;

}

inline Status append_initial_default(

        const schema::external::TField& field, const DataTypePtr& data_type, size_t rows,

        std::unordered_map<int32_t, std::pair<DataTypePtr, ColumnPtr>>* prepared_values,

        ColumnPtr* destination) {

    DORIS_CHECK(data_type != nullptr);

    DORIS_CHECK(prepared_values != nullptr);

    DORIS_CHECK(destination != nullptr);

    DORIS_CHECK(field.__isset.id);

    auto prepared_value = prepared_values->find(field.id);

    if (prepared_value == prepared_values->end()) {

        ColumnPtr default_column;

        RETURN_IF_ERROR(create_initial_default_column(field, data_type, &default_column));

        prepared_value =

                prepared_values

                        ->emplace(field.id, std::make_pair(data_type, std::move(default_column)))

                        .first;

    } else {

        // One Iceberg field ID resolves to one query type. Hold the first DataTypePtr so equivalent

        // complex types reconstructed for later Blocks reuse the same prepared value.

        DORIS_CHECK(prepared_value->second.first->equals(*data_type));

    }

    auto mutable_destination = IColumn::mutate(std::move(*destination));

    mutable_destination->insert_many_from(*prepared_value->second.second, 0, rows);

    *destination = std::move(mutable_destination);

    return Status::OK();

}

} // namespace doris::iceberg